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Poll description Fieldwork took place in the province of Makamba, Burundi, on August 5th and 6th 2005 in two camps, Muyangue and Nyabigina, which accomodate both internally displaced persons and refugees repatriated from Tanzania. A population sample consisting in 344 people aged 18 or above has been face-to-face interviewed (quota sample defined according to sex, age and number of dependent children). Sex and age quotas derived from available sources, that is the 2003 OCHA and WHO updated data (Office for the Co-ordination of Humanitarian Affairs and World Health Organisation). |
Five main NGOs (two American, one British, one Dutch and one Norwegian) work or finance projects in the Muyange and Nyabigina "camps": ADRA (Adventist Development and Relief Agency), NRC (Norwegian Refugee Council), CORDAID (Catholic Organisation for Relief and Development Aid), IRC (International Rescue Committee) and TEARFUND (The Evangelical Alliance Relief Fund). Although the majority of the people interviewed mentioned the presence of all five NGOs, they rated them unevenly, that is 74% for ADRA, 60% for NRC, 50% for CORDAID, 42% for IRC and 16% only for TEARFUND. Men and parents from large households are more likely to be aware of these NGOs.
A majority of the respondents is satisfied with NGOs' activities (59 to 70%). However, the respondents have repeatedly expressed their true expectations. Their priority demand concerns housing (78%) and farming (27%). It should then be noticed that the "political" request of a more equitable aid is ranked third (25%). Minor concern for health issues, a key field of action of most NGOs, seems to underline the gap between humanitarian offer and the recipients' expectations.
In addition to this, 35% of the respondents have expressed doubt about the neutrality of NGOs. According to them, aid is unevenly distributed, either because it is aimed at specific groups (70%), or because it is diverted by political leaders, especially when distribution lists are drawn up (45%). Respondents have mentioned various privileged persons: the "well-off" ranked first (at 49%), followed by "political leaders" (25%), i.e. the "local authorities". Such a result tends to confirm the conclusions of other surveys conducted in developing countries: aid hardly reaches those who need it most.
25% of the respondents, mostly from the youngest age group, say that being a Christian is a determining factor in receiving aid from religious organisations. 19% even report that converting to a particular religion is required in order to receive aid.
Lastly, respondents do not consider that international NGOs are more efficient than public organisations such as CNRS (National Commission for the Rehabilitation of Disaster Victims). There is no significant difference between the results obtained by NGO (58%) and those of the CNRS (53%).
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